Publications
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Time is Money: The Cost of Delaying the Ratification of the EU-Mercosur Trade Agreement
Between 2021 and 2025, the EU sacrificed €183bn in exports and €291bn in gross domestic product due to its failure to ratify the EU-Mercosur...
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Openness and Fragmentation in EU Defence Procurement
Europe’s fragmented defence procurement markets undermine Europe’s security efforts. Larger procurement markets, by contrast, deliver sharper...
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The Economic Risks of Transposing the EU Product Liability Directive in Germany
With the Ministerial Draft (Referentenentwurf) dated 11 September 2025, Germany has embarked on transposing the EU Product Liability Directive (EU...
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Quantum Clusters: Ranking the World’s Deep-Tech Epicentres
Tags: quantum technologiesThe ECIPE Quantum Project has so far laid the groundwork for understanding the global quantum landscape. It introduced the fundamentals of quantum...
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The Services Revolution: Industrial Policy for a Modern Economy
A ”manufacturing-first” attitude has taken hold in the European economic policy discussion. New strategies and industrial policies are designed...
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100 Leaders in Europe’s Economies: Benchmarking Investment, Innovation and Impact in Europe
Europe’s competitiveness is built on openness, interdependence, and global embeddedness. Its prosperity depends not on how many firms it...
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Global Digital Trade Takes Off: Is EU Digital Policy Keeping Pace?
Global digital trade is increasingly shifting toward faster-growing regions outside Europe, driving greater external demand for the EU’s digitally...
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Trade Policy 3.0: Three Scenarios for Tomorrowland
Tags: trade policyBy: Lucian CernatGlobal trade policy is at a crossroads. For decades, trade liberalisation was guided first by macroeconomic principles – Trade Policy 1.0 – and...
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The Trade Effects of AI Provisions in PTAs: Does Non-Binding Matter?
This paper examines whether non-binding (“soft”) AI-related provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) move trade and how their effects...
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Privacy at a Price? An Empirical Analysis of GDPR’s Impact on EU Trade Flows
The introduction of the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2018 created conditions that could raise the cost of trading services...
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Memo to Ursula von der Leyen and António Costa: Make the Right Priorities for the EU-CELAC Summit 2025
By: Renata ZilliThe EU–CELAC Summit in Santa Marta, Colombia, in November comes at a time when both regions need to get down to business. The EU-CELAC cooperation...
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What About Us? Consumer Response to the Digital Markets Act
The Digital Markets Act (DMA) was introduced as a landmark piece of EU legislation to change how consumers interact or engage with large online...