Inbound and Outbound Globalisations in the International Film Industry

Since culture has been considered as a pillar of national identity, prevailing ideas for cultural industries and policies are closely linked to protectionism and anti-globalisation. However, these moves are derived from a narrow understanding of globalisation. In this regard, this paper deals with this fundamental question on how to understand globalisation in cultural industries with a focus on the film sector. For this research question, this paper identified inbound and outbound globalisations. Inbound globalisation happens domestically with the interconnectedness among domestic and international factors whereas outbound globalisation occurs overseas. These two types of globalisations can be undertaken both actively and passively depending on how to utilize (dis)advantages. Based on such an analysis, this paper argues that government policies should be set up to maximize benefits from both inbound and outbound globalisations in order to enhance the international competitiveness of the film industry while strengthening its industrial base.