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Negotiating Uncertainty in UK-EU Relations: Past, Present, and Future
Ten key points to negotiating the UK-EU relationship Europe has been weakened by difficult UK-EU relations at a time of international challenge....
Building a Mature UK Trade Policy
Global Britain has not delivered according to the hopes expressed by supporters of leaving the EU. Trade with the rest of the world has not grown to...
The New Globalisation: SMEs and International Trade – The Supply Chain is as Important as Direct Exports
The disproportionately small share of exports from Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is a cause of concern in modern trade policy. For developed...
Time for Fresh Thinking on Northern Ireland and Brexit
The Good Friday / Belfast Agreement became, with considerable efforts over several years from so many involved, a broadly accepted if never fully...
Prosperity and Resilience: Diverse Production and Comparative Advantage in Modern Economies
A common version of trade theory suggests that countries will specialise in a limited number of products. Using the example of David Ricardo from...
The Future of EU Leadership in the Car Industry: Still Global
Automotive is Europe’s key export industry, an important contributor to the EU economy, from balance of payments to employment, and a...
Services Trade Needs to be Taken as Seriously as Goods Trade
Services constitute at least a quarter of total trade. Between 2009 and 2019 global services trade increased by nearly 50%, compared to 18% for goods...
Free Trade Agreements Have Limited Impact (Because Manufactured Goods are a Perfect Market)
Free Trade Agreements between two or more countries or parties have been the centrepiece of international trade policy since the formation of the...
No, China Does Not Make Everything!
China is now the world’s leading manufacturer, with goods exports rising from $63 billion in 1990 to $2.5 trillion in 2018. The popular assumption...
Global Trade Today is Global Value Chains
In the last 25 years global value chains have come to dominate global trade in a way surprisingly little discussed or understood. To meet the policy...