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The European Dairy Sector at a Crossroad: Production Quota and Export Refund Opting Out
The European Union (EU) reactivated export refunds for dairy products on January 2009. These world market distortive instruments had been previously...
A Blueprint for Reform of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture
As the Doha negotiations are at a dead end, Valentin Zahrnt addresses some fundamental questions about the future direction of WTO disciplines in...
Containing Creeping Protectionism: A Realist Agenda for the G20
The G20 summit in London offers an opportunity for world leaders to prevent a continued slide towards protectionism. Yet the summit is already at...
When to Privatize? When to Nationalize? A Competition for Ownership Approach
Theories of privatization or nationalization typically compare the economic or political efficiency of private and state ownership, either in...
Liberalising Air Passenger Services in APEC
This working paper aims at assessing the prospects for a more liberal air passenger transport regime in the Asia Pacific region under the auspices of...
The Baltic Tiger – The Political Economy of Estonia’s Transition from Plan to Market
Few countries have reformed their economies as swiftly and decisively as Estonia in 1992-94. The economic reform program started during the...
The Basel Capital Adequacy Framework should be Reconsidered
The Basel capital adequacy framework that has guided bank regulation and supervision for nearly 20 years deserves serious attention when the world...
Geographical Diversification of Developing Country Exports
This paper shows that export costs, tariffs, and international transport costs are all important determinants of geographical export diversification...
Product Standards, Harmonization, and Trade: Evidence from the Extensive Margin
I use a new database of EU product standards in the textiles, clothing, and footwear sectors to present the first empirical evidence that...